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Wednesday, July 13, 2016

Sustainability and Poverty, guest blogger Roger Kuhns

Sustainability and Quality of Life:
Moving to Eliminate Poverty

By Roger Kuhns

What is poverty? What comes to mind? Thousands upon thousands of images, sounds, smells, and experiences. And what is driving the poverty of people in the most developed countries to those that struggle for even basic needs and services? It is an imbalance. This imbalance is caused by many things, but we can understand it best – I think – in terms of the pursuit of sustainability.

Sustainability is about people. It is about people because our families and our communities are ever striving for a good life.

Sustainability. Certainly an over used word. But, still, a meaningful word.

Sustainability, as it applies to us, is the finding of balance between humans and nature so that we balance what we use with what nature can provide.

Sustainability does not mean unchanging. It means that we as a people can adapt to change and thrive for the long-term by providing for our needs through responsible, renewable, and repurposable practices: sustainable practices.

Sustainability is our measuring of what we do and what we use towards a good quality of life, and how it impacts the sphere of our ENVIRONMENT, enriches the sphere of our COMMUNITY, and brings equitability to our sphere of the ECONOMY. We do this while working towards a zero net impact to the Earth. We look at this as individuals and families, in our communities and businesses, and within our government.

Sustainability is our quest.

Consider the sphere of the planet as the sphere of the Environment. Held within this sphere of the Environment is the sphere of the Community. Within the sphere of the Community is the sphere of the Economy. Like a nested puzzle, all parts are dependent on the others, and the parts together make the whole, but none individually can truly stand-alone. The Environment, the Community, and the Economy – the three spheres of Sustainability are fundamental, equal, and in the human context one cannot survive nor thrive without the other.

When the balance within and between these spheres is out of balance, then poverty and inequities thrive. This might seem like a philosophical perspective, but it hones in on human behaviors very rapidly, and becomes a practical guide of actively pursuing enriching all three spheres of sustainability through our individual actions on a daily basis.

This perspective helps me because within each of these three spheres are all the aspects of human civilization. Now think of that – that is a lot of things; both tangible and intangible, as well as renewable and finite.

But by understanding our behaviors, consumption practices, tendencies and beliefs we can develop an estimation of how well we are behaving ethically, conserving resources, distribution of goods and services and wealth, while providing and using services for ourselves, and those people in our communities. We can assess our human impact to the Earth’s natural systems. Poverty arises when these are out of balance, and when unintended consequences such as climate change alter the landscape such that a population can not grow their own food or access fresh clean water, and when such impacts drive migrations, territorial conquests and war. In this scene we can recognize what we must do to modify our behaviors so that future generations have a good quality of life.

In the sphere of the Environment, therefore, we find ecology, energy, food, greenhouse gases, water, natural resources, and recreation.

We know there is still a wide spectrum of human rights and poverty issues to resolve and improve. We know we have much work to do on justice for all. And we know that there is room for improvement in how we embrace culture, historical aspects of our communities, and balance social differences and beliefs. There is still a strong need to better understand how our government can help improve the lives of all of us.

In the sphere of the Community, therefore, we find education, equity and justice, health, quality of life, municipal improvement, cultural, historical and social components, and transportation.

We know that the increasing separation of the classes through wealth is damaging the ability of many people to achieve a good quality of life. We know that many buildings are too big and energy inefficient. We know that jobs and job training is an on-going issue, as is surety in retirement.

In the sphere of the Economy, therefore, we find built spaces, business, economic, economic equitability, governance, jobs and recycling.

These categories within the three spheres of sustainability encompass all major aspects of our civilization.

Sustainability, then is our measuring of what we do and what we use towards a good quality of life, and how it impacts the ENVIRONMENT, enriches our COMMUNITY, and brings equitability to our sphere of the ECONOMY. We do all this while working towards a zero net impact to the Earth. We look at this as individuals and families, in our communities and businesses, and within our government.

A key approach is to realize we need to dramatically increase our educational efforts globally to balance the spheres of sustainability. But how do we absorb the knowledge of the holistic picture of sustainability? How do we understand the consequences of our actions, both good and intended, and not so good and unintended, now that we have this foundation of forward progress using the three spheres of sustainability? It is through education, in particular an iterative approach.

I developed an approach I call iterative education. It is the learning and building upon knowledge and the repeated cycle of learning through the spheres of sustainability to continue to take on new information and experiences that helps us connect all the elements of our society towards improving the quality of life for people. It is the use of the three spheres of sustainability as filters through which we connect the many elements of sustainable applications in our society. 

In the figure below is illustrated a flow chart to help people connect the many facets of environment, community and economy. In this diagram I’ve drawn loops that connect concepts and practical applications – needs and necessities.  For example, we know that population and resource shortages directly impact the quality and availability of water, energy and food. Without these things we see societies driven towards poverty. The production, transportation, and waste that result from their use have huge impacts on the sphere of environment. Therefore, incumbent within the water, energy and food requirements are a multitude of sustainable practices from water conservation, aquifer recharge, pollution control, waste management, renewable energy applications, agriculture, and food processing and distribution, to name a few. We find improvements to the sphere of environment as the use of water and energy and food are better understood in the context of sustainability.



Continuing on with our education, we find that quality of life for individuals, families, employees and so forth are improved or degraded depending on the abundance or scarcity of water, energy and food. Lower quality of life situations or imbalances in the spheres of environment and community overlap to inform us about the balance of human rights, democracy, basic health care and economic parity or equitableness; when these are out of balance we see societies driven towards poverty. By strengthening the community we find people are strengthened as we learn about the pressures on the sphere of environment, and improve that sphere with the result of improving the sphere of community.

Again, as we continue through the chart, we find the continuing interaction between the spheres of sustainability. Bringing in the sphere of economy we now see the daunting challenges of poverty, war, disease and terrorism impacting the quality of life for people on every scale. In essence addressing the issues on the chart helps us understand the cause and effect, the intended and unintended consequences of our actions. By practicing iterative education and using sustainability as a holistic filter to understand linkages and dependency, as well as consequences, we find that all the spheres begin to improve as the overall quality of life of the people in a community improves.

Sustainability is our quest. This is a path, using nature as a guide, to alleviate poverty. We need the efforts on every scale – from national and international policies right out to the individual volunteer who helps with a food bank, or teaching agriculture or helping to bring fresh clean water to a town. We need all these talents at once, and to coordinate them through our lens of sustainability.

                Roger J. Kuhns, PhD, LEED GA
                rogerjameskuhns@gmail.com
                Facebook: Roger Kuhns Sustainability Worlds

Monday, July 4, 2016

Humanitarian Disasters

While reading "Operation Wetback Revisited," by Jeet Heer, I was struck by the role that governments have in causing poverty. Heer's article revisits the deportation efforts of Eisenhower in the 1950s, dubbed Operation Wetback. Immigrants and even some citizens who could not produce the appropriate documentation were sent to central Mexico in cargo ships that were compared to slave ships. People died in the heat of summer during a deportation action.

As a student of history, I know there will be times when a government has to go to war to protect its people. But those in power would do well to visit the people they are affecting when they pass laws concerning large demographic groups. A short list of humanitarian disasters will remind us how severe suffering can become for people (from World Vision)

Syrian refugee crisis
Nepal earthquake and government crackdown on protestors
Iraq refugees
Ebola outbreak
South Sudan
Somalia drought
Central American drought
Central African Republic violence

And that's just in 2015.

Many of us remember the relocation of Palestinians when Israel was formed in 1948, the colonization behavior in the twentieth century, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Afghanistan, Iran and Iraq wars, Nigeria, Cambodia and Vietnam, Korea, Bangladesh, Ruwanda and Bosnia. This list is organized for the most part in order of number of people who died, according to Wikipedia.

World-wide humanitarianism has been a recent development in global history, defined by Didier Fassin as: "a mode of governing that concerns the victims of poverty, homelessness, unemployment, and exile, as well as of disasters, famines, epidemics, and wars—in short, every situation characterized by precariousness." Humanitarianism is the answer to disasters where innocent people lose their homes, belongings, and even family to events caused by natural, political or economic factors. What humanitarian organization do you support, knowing now that factors outside of our own lives can impact us when others flee persecution or starvation?

Wednesday, May 25, 2016

Men and Poverty

For a breakdown of poverty levels by gender, please access the Kaiser Family Foundation. 


Men may be the most strongly affected by poverty. Men traditionally have been raised to be providers. Even though poverty is lower for men than women, most men feel helpless when they can't provide for their family. And a new study, written up in the Washington Post January 29, showed that boys who grow up in poverty are less likely to be working at age 30 than the girls. These findings used tax records, stripped of identifying information, to study rates of employment at age 30 in Baltimore and Washington, D. C. Men who grew up in poverty in the urban areas studied were 13%-16% less likely to be working. Income is also lower when they are able to work. Nearby rural areas show no discrepancy between the two genders.


Reading levels can often be at sixth grade level, which shows that the boys are affected by poverty at a young age. Some factors that may be problematic are lack of role models, lack of child support, a higher incidence of discipline problems and more severe segregation in the community, and a higher number of single parents (Badger and Ingraham). In addition, there are fewer low-skill jobs available in our economy, so high school graduates or lower can not just get a job in a factory or steel mill.


According to Bill Yarrow (Yarrow), men are less likely to get an advanced education, 90% of incarcerations are men, and one in three men are not working for reasons that have not been studied. Poor men are less likely to have health insurance, seek medical help and have adequate care (Treadwell and Ro). In addition, low-income jobs tend to be more hazardous, and labor may not organize to enforce labor law. Among inmates who have lost their medical care after incarceration, there is a higher incidence of "communicable disease, chronic disease and mental illness" (Treadwell and Ro).

The chances that a sixteen-year-old black child will be incarcerated is  29%, while for a white child it is 4% (Street). That any child in our country is ten times more likely to be incarcerated than the children in Sweden makes  a strong argument for moving overseas for child-rearing.


Badger, Emily and Ingraham, Christopher, "The striking power of poverty to turn young boys into jobless men," Washington Post. January 29, 2016,accessed 5/24/16.

Street, Paul, "Race, Prison, and Poverty," History is a Weapon, http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/streeracpripov.html, accessed 5/24/16.

Treadwell, Henrie M. and Ro Marguerite, "Poverty, Race, and the Invisible Men"
Henrie M. Treadwell, and Marguerite Ro, Am J Public Health. 2003 May; 93(5): 705–707.
 You can follow the progress of this organization: Community Voices. (@CVatMSM  is their twitter address), Supporting healthcare for the underserved in pursuit of a healthier America.
  
Yarrow, Andrew L., "A quarter of American men live in or near poverty," San Francisco Chronicle, http://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/article/A-quarter-of-American-men-live-in-poverty-6546152.php , accessed 5/25/16